This LibGuide covers definitions of data, the data lifecycle, research data management, reusing data, and data ownership and ethics.
There are many definitions of research data, but one common one comes from the OMB Circular A-110:
"The recorded factual material commonly accepted in the scientific community as necessary to validate research findings."
Research data can be divided into four broad types (from the University of Edinburg):
Source: University of Edinburgh via the NECDMC Module 1
Data can cover a broad range of information, depending on research project and discipline:
Source University of Oregon via NECDMC Module 1